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What Educational Production Functions Really Show: a Positive Theory of Education Spending

What Educational Production Functions Really Show: a Positive Theory of Education Spending

World Bank 1997

The accumulated results of empirical studies by the World Bank show that the public sector typically chooses spending on inputs such that the productivity of additional spending on books and instructional materials is 10 to 100 times larger than that of additional spending on teacher inputs (for example, higher wages, small class size).

Books, Buildings, and Learning Outcomes: An Impact Evaluation of World Bank Support to Basic Education in Ghana

Books, Buildings, and Learning Outcomes: An Impact Evaluation of World Bank Support to Basic Education in Ghana

World Bank 2004

This study showed that increasing the availability and quality of classrooms and instructional materials directly contributed to both educational attainment and achievement.